Louisiana Esthetics State Board Practice Test

What is the condition known as verruca primarily caused by?

1. Infection from bacteria

2. Hypertrophy of dermal papillae

3. A deficiency of vitamins

4. Exposure to allergens

The correct answer is: Hypertrophy of dermal papillae

The condition known as verruca, commonly referred to as warts, is primarily caused by the hypertrophy of dermal papillae as a result of an infection with the human papillomavirus (HPV). The presence of HPV leads to abnormal growth patterns of the skin cells, which in turn causes the dermal papillae—small, finger-like projections of tissue that provide the epidermis with nutrients—to enlarge and proliferate. This abnormal growth manifests as the raised, rough surface characteristic of warts. While some might consider the role of bacteria or vitamin deficiencies as potential contributors to other skin conditions, they do not specifically relate to the development of verruca. Similarly, while exposure to allergens can cause skin reactions, it is not a factor in the formation of warts. Understanding the role of HPV and how it triggers the growth of dermal papillae is essential for recognizing the nature of verrucae and their management in esthetics.